Biology 1002B Study Guide - Final Guide: Asymmetric Cell Division, Volvox, Point Mutation
19 Apr 2017
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Homology: similarity due to common ancestry: should have the same underlying genes, does not mean they have the same function. In volvox has a function (asymmetric cell division: volvox has small somatic cells and large reproductive cells, volvox may have recruited this gene. In chlamy no known function (you can knockout the gene and chlamy will be fine) If (cid:455)ou ha(cid:448)e a k(cid:374)o(cid:272)kout i(cid:374) vol(cid:448)o(cid:454), (cid:455)ou (cid:272)a(cid:374) i(cid:374)se(cid:396)t chla(cid:373)(cid:455)"s ge(cid:374)e a(cid:374)d it will still function correctly. Sequence alignments: attempts to match up the bases of 2 gene sequences or the amino acids of 2 proteins: we can infer a lot from similarity (e. g. similar evolutionary origin) Global: take both sequences and match as many bases possible in the entire sequence. If you have 2 sequences pretty close to the same length and similar (closely related species) Local: look for little regions of high similarity: faster. E-value: probability that the 2 sequences have the same score simply by chance.
