BIOL 458 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Chalcone Isomerase, Putrescine, Alkaloid
3 Apr 2020
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Document Summary
Plant secondary metabolites can be induced to allow plants to adapt to stressful environmental conditions, including uv irradiation, heat stress, and wounding. Uv irradiation induces the synthesis of pigments, such as flavones and flavonols, which function in uv protection. The function of flavonols in uv protection was demonstrated by the sensitivity of the arabidopsis tt5 mutant to uv light. Wild type plants under uv stress produce flavonols from chalcone, however, the tt5 mutant has a mutation in chalcone isomerase which prevents the synthesis of flavonols. Therefore, the mutants are susceptible to uv damage. Volatile hemiterpenes are released in response to heat stress in plants; transgenic poplar plants mutated to inhibit isoprenoid synthesis are more susceptible to heat stress, resulting in increased non-photochemical quenching (i. e. , increased ros production) and decreased photochemical electron transport. Nicotine synthesis is induced by wounding, which is relatively unusual for an alkaloid. Putrescine methyltransferase, an enzyme required for nicotine synthesis, is upregulated in the roots after wounding.
