BIOL 184 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Spindle Apparatus, Sister Chromatids, Cleavage Furrow

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orchidkangaroo878

14 Dec 2017

School

University of Victoria

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 184

Professor

Greg Beaulieu

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Document Summary

Chromosomes packaged structure of dna; long linear dna molecule associated with many proteins. Chromatin the complex of dna and proteins that make up chromosomes. Cell cycle: mitotic (m) phase, mitosis a. i. Anaphase (sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes) a. v. Telophase (two distinct nuclei form: cytokinesis cleavage furrow (animals), cell plate (plants), binary fission (bacteria) Interphase: g1 phase (first gap, s phase dna synthesis: chromosomes duplicated into sister chromatids, g2 phase (second gap) Mitotic spindle includes all of the centrosomes, spindle microtubules and asters. Human somatic cells diploid (2n), 46 chromosomes (23 sets of two homologous chromosomes) = 2 alleles per gene. Human gametes haploid (1n), 23 chromosomes = 1 allele per gene. Homologous chromosomes a set of different versions of the same chromosome. Alleles represent different versions of genes on homologous chromosomes. Interphase pairs of homologous chromosomes duplicated = diploid (2n) 1: meiosis i duplicated homologous chromosomes separate = haploid (n, meiosis ii sister chromatids separate = haploid (n)

Related Questions

1- Most of a cell's life is spend in this phase of the cell cycle:

--------------------

2- The cell cycle is a highly regulated process.

True

False

3- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

4- In animal cells, ________________________ is the indentation of the cell's surface that marks cytokinesis, the final splitting of the membrane, in the process of cell division.

cleavage furrow

binary fission

cell plate

sister chromatids

5- Somatic ("body") cells are _______________ (2n). This means there are two copies of each chromosome.

6- During the _______ phase(s) cells perform their everyday functions.

7- When chromosomes are duplicated the two strands are called _______________________________ and they are linked together at a point called the ____________________.

sister strands; kinetochore

sister chromatids; centromere

dual chromatids; centromere

genes; chromatid

8- New somatic âbodyâ cells are formed by this process:

meiosis

binary fission

replication

mitosis

9- The cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

10- Cells replicate their DNA during ________________ phase.

pucecat917

31.????? interphase A. cytoplasm divided between the two daughter cells

32.????? chromosomenumber B. final phase of mitosis; daughter nuclei form

33.????? chromatid C. sum total of chromosomes in all cells of a given

type

34.????? cytokinesis D. chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle

begins to form

35.????? metaphase E. chromosomes line up at spindle equator

36.????? alleles F. sister chromatids separate, move to opposite

spindle poles now

37.????? prophase G. none between meiosis I and II

38.????? telophase H. half of a chromosome in prophase

39. ????? anaphase I. different molecular forms of the same gene

Matching

ultramarineporpoise990

Lab 11 Mitosis

Interphase - Chromosomes are not visible because they areuncoiled

Prophase- The chromosomes coil. The nuclear membranedisintegrates. Spindle fibers (microtubles) form. The drawing showsa cell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Prometaphase

Metaphase - The chromosomes become aligned. The drawing shows acell with 8 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 2 chromatids for atotal of 16 chromatids.

Anaphase- The chromatids separate; the number of chromosomesdoubles. The drawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Eachchromosome has 1 chromatid for a total of 16chromatids

Telophase- The cell divides into two. The chromosomes uncoil.The nucleus reforms. The spindle apparataus disassembles. Thedrawing shows a cell with 16 chromosomes. Each chromosome has 1chromatid for a total of 16 chromatids.

Ques(ons

1. What stage were most of the onion root p cells in? Does thismake sense?

2. As a cell grows, what happens to its surface area : volumerao? (Think of a balloon being blown up). How is this changing raonrelated to cell division?

3. What is the function of mitosis in a cell that is about todivide?

4. How accurate were your met predictions for each stage of thecell cycle?

5. Discuss one observation that you found interesting whilelooking at the onion root p cells.

6. What would happen if mitosis were uncontrolled?

for escience lab 11 bio 113

burgundyspider301

BIOL 184 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Spindle Apparatus, Sister Chromatids, Cleavage Furrow

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