ESS102H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: De Re Metallica, Robert Hooke, Adaptive Radiation
Document Summary
Lecture #1: science is the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. It tries to explain natural phenomena and describes patterns (how an effect is linked to a cause). Scientists: observe and describe, formulate hypotheses to explain, use hypotheses to predict new observations, design experiments to test predictions and are skeptical. Inductive vs. deductive reasoning: inductive an initial observation leads to the discovery of a certain pattern (ex. Charles darwin made observations in the galapagos, noticed finches vary with distance then theorized that they may have common ancestors = evolution through adaptive radiation). Deductive the standard scientific method, where a researcher stars with a wider theory and generates a testable hypothesis and designs an experiment to observe the results, and prove or disprove the theory (ex.
