HSS 1101 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Biomedical Model, Concentrated Poverty, Community Mobilization
15 May 2018
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HSS1101: Midterm #1 Review
Week 1: What Makes People Healthy vs. Unhealthy
Lecture 1.1: Determinants of Health
You are a doctor in Chad treating a child with Malaria
• How did she get malaria? Why are there so many mosquitos? Why are there pockets of standing
water? Why is infrastructure so poor? Why is the country and possibly poorly governed?
Doctor treating malaria in Chad skills that are needed?
• History: Why does Chad have poor Malaria control? (socio econ), What interventions have worked in
the past?
• Entomology: How best to control the mosquitoes?
• Nutrition: How is her diet affecting her recovery?
• Political Science: Why does Chad have insufficient governance to manage its mosquito control?
• Languages: How will the doctor communicate with the patient?
• Economics: To udestad the fiaial situatio of the gil’s ouit, Wh ae thee o
medicines locally?
• Epidemiology: What are the factors affecting malaria in the region?
• Anatomy/physiology: Biochemistry, Physics, Mathematics
• Engineering: What structures are allowing mosquitoes to breed?
Do rich people in Chad have the same malaria challenges?
• They tend to live in neighborhoods with no mosquitos
• They tend to live in homes that are not infested with mosquitos
• Their children tend to sleep under good mosquito nets
• They tend to have better nutrition and are therefore more resilient against infection
• They tend to work indoors and therefore less likely to be bitten
• If infected, they can afford faster and better care
So what is the true cause of Malaria? Poverty?
Determinants of Health
• Studying and acknowledging non-medical determinants of health gives us new options for addressing
health issues
• Health becomes relevant to:
o Commerce
o Government
o Finance
o City Planning
o Agriculture
o Religion
Social vs. Physical Determinants of health:
Social Determinants of Health:
• Availability of resources to meet daily needs, such as educational and job opportunities, living wages,
or healthful foods
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find more resources at oneclass.com
• Social norms and attitudes, such as discrimination
• Exposure to crime, violence, and social disorder, such as the presence of trash
• Social support and social interactions
• Exposure to mass media and emerging technologies, such as the internet or cellphones
• Socioeconomic conditions such as concentrated poverty
• Quality schools
• Transportation options
• Public safety
• Residential segregation
Physical Determinants of Health:
• Natural environment, such as plants, weather or climate change
• Built environment, such as buildings or transportation
• Worksites, schools, and recreational settings
• Housing, homes, and neighborhoods
• Exposure to toxic substances and other physical hazards
• Physical barriers, especially for people with disabilities
• Aesthetic elements, such as good lighting, trees, or benches
Others? Race, Government type, Nature of economy
Lawyer arguing for OHIP rights Example
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Why is Jason in the hospital?
• Because he has a bad infection in his leg?
• But why does he have an infection?
• Because he has a cut on his leg and it got infected
• But why does he have a cut on his leg?
• Because he was playing in the junkyard next to his apartment building and there was some sharp,
jagged steel there that he fell on
• But why was he playing in a junk yard?
• Because his neighborhood is kind of run down. A lot of kids play there and there is no one to
supervise them
• But why does he live in that neighborhood?
• Beause his paets a’t affod a ie plae to lie
• But why can't his parents afford a nicer place to live
• Because his dad is unemployed and his mom is sick
• But why is Dad unemployed?
• Beause he does’t hae uh eduatio ad he a't fid a jo
• But why?
HEALTH IS NOT JUST ABOUT MEDICINE
Lecture 1.2: What is Health?
What does it mean to be healthy (healthful)?
• Free of disease? Happy? Socially active? Physically active? Unrestricted?
Different Ways of Seeing Health: Example of Ontario Health Promotion Resource System
What causes heart disease?
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find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
If infected, they can afford faster and better care. Studying and acknowledging non-medical determinants of health gives us new options for addressing health issues: health becomes relevant to, commerce, government, finance, city planning, agriculture, religion. Social determinants of health: availability of resources to meet daily needs, such as educational and job opportunities, living wages, or healthful foods. Different ways of seeing health: example of ontario health promotion resource system. Table 3. 2: three approaches to reducing heart diseases. Low salt/low cholesterol: treatment, drugs, dietary regimen, health education, health communication, advocacy for health public policies. Workplace smoking bans: policy change, advocacy, community mobilization. Biomedical model of disease progression: early diagnosis or screening is important to early intervention: Caused by hypertension, family history, and a build-up of arterial plaque. Smoking, physical inactivity, excess alcohol consumption and a high fat diet. Social, economic and environmental determinants that provide incentives and barriers.
