PSYC 102- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 54 pages long!)
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PSYC 102 Full Course Notes
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Subjective, stimulus error, too concerned with interior behavior, not empirical. Edward titchener: used introspection (looking inward) to search for mind"s structural elements. Introspection failed (subjective, requires smart & verbal people) William james: founder of functionalism, believes thoughts are adaptive, explored function of emotions, memories, willpower, habits, consciousness, wrote principles of psychology (1890) Mary calkins: admitted into james" graduate seminar, fulfilled requirements for a harvard phd but was denied of it, 1st female president of apa (1905) Margaret washburn: 2nd female president of apa (1921) Very controversial at the time: interior states weren"t studied. Sigmund freud: founder of psychoanalysis, believes humans have powerful inborn sexual & aggressive drives. Radical refocusing of psychology (scientific study of observable behavior) Studies role of external environment in governing learning & actions. John watson (methodological): rejected introspection, observations must be verifiable (empirical, studied how consequences shape behavior. Internal events exist but there"s no need to study them empirically: against free will (believes it"s an illusion)
