PSYCH101 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Ewald Hering, Electromagnetic Spectrum, Absolute Threshold

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYCH101
• Professor: Paul Wehr

Document Summary

Psych 101: long answer exam #2 notes: identify and explain the three criteria for establishing cause and effect relationships between variables. Discuss the ability to satisfy these criteria when using correlational and experimental designs. In order to modify behaviour it is necessary to establish cause and effect relationships. The three criteria for establishing cause and effect relationships between variables include the following: temporal precedence be able to show that the cause happened before the effect (remember *tca) Overall, cause must precede effect: covariation cause and effect must occur together, alternative (confounding) explanations must be eliminated. The first criterion necessary to establish a causal relationship is known as temporal precedence. temporal precedence helps to demonstrate that an independent variable (the cause) can affect a particular dependent variable (effect) to occur. Once an association has been identified, temporal precedence is used to focus on the order of variables.