ANBI 411.3 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Hormone, Breed, Testosterone
12 Oct 2018
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ANBI 411.3
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
ANBI 411
Lecture 1: Behavior of Domestic Animals
Introduction
Animal behavior: how an animal reacts to stimuli in the environment
Social behavior: “forming co-operative and interdependent relationships…”
- Relationship between one or more species
- Can be difference in social behavior between breeds in a species
- Also different between genders and age as well
Ethology: the scientific and objective study of animal behavior especially under natural
conditions
Applied ethology: behavior of domestic animals
- Includes farm animals, but also zoo animals, pets, ect.
“beginning of animal ethology”
- Modern discipline considered to have started with biologists
oNikolass Tinbergen – 4 questions that help to define behavior, got a noble prize
in physiology
oKonrad Lorenz- was involved with looking into imprinting
oKarl von Frisch – experiment on communication in bees
oRuth Harrison- wrote the book “animal machines”, brought both animal
behavior and animal welfare to the forefront
North America vs. Europe differences 20th century
-Comparative psychology
oFocus of north American scientists
oAnimal behavior in the context of what we know about human psychology
-Ethology
oEuropean focus
oAnimal behavior in context of anatomy, neurobiology, physiology, ect.
Domestic animals compared to wild counterparts- why might they differ?
- domestic animals don't necessarily loose the wild behavior but they can modify them
- they also can limit the time they spend doing the different behaviors
- the behavior stays the same other then modify how they do them and how much
why does time differ? because some need it to survive where as other just have the motivation
to do it but don't need it
importance of ethology/ animal behavior
- different from most “classical science”
oholistic approach, not and cannot be explained only by the simplest mechanisms
involved
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- multidisciplinary
onot only one component- includes physiology, psychology, neuroscience,
evolutionary and developmental biology, ect.
It helps us combine ethics and science
- it is complex
oused to address difficult issues
oanimal welfare science
otwo very different philosophical views: animal welfare and animal rights
How does an animal use behavior?
studying behavior with an ethological approach
- study behaviors meaningful in natural habitat
- begin analysis with descriptive studies
oknowing normal and not normal behavior
odeveloping an ethogram = record of their behavior
- study a wide range of species and behaviors
- compare similar behaviors in closely related species
- avoid exclusive use of domestic species
Tinbergen`s four Questions:
- causation- how is it produced
- function- what is gained (f. F)
- ontogeny- how does it develop
- phylogeny- how did it evolve
other approaches understanding animal behavior
- individuals or groups
- performance- health, disease, productivity, reproduction
- affect (animal feelings)- can be positive or negative, pain, fear, boredom, pleasure
- physiology- hormones, stress response
psychology- learning/ cognition, motivation
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Animal behavior: how an animal reacts to stimuli in the environment. Can be difference in social behavior between breeds in a species. Also different between genders and age as well. Ethology: the scientific and objective study of animal behavior especially under natural conditions. Includes farm animals, but also zoo animals, pets, ect. Comparative psychology: focus of north american scientists, animal behavior in the context of what we know about human psychology. Ethology: european focus, animal behavior in context of anatomy, neurobiology, physiology, ect. Multidisciplinary: not only one component- includes physiology, psychology, neuroscience, evolutionary and developmental biology, ect. It helps us combine ethics and science it is complex: used to address difficult issues, animal welfare science, two very different philosophical views: animal welfare and animal rights. Behavioral adaptations theories domestication might drive animals to develop strategies to reduce activities: extensive energy conserving foraging behaviors, aggression, this is called the foraging theory, they reduce their activity to conserve energy for other things.
