PHIL101 Study Guide - Final Guide: Irony, Meletus, Christian Mortalism
26 Nov 2017
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Legend: (i often use shorthand to refer to philosophers) Epistemology: account of knowledge, how we know something. Euthyphro"s dilemma: is murder wrong because the gods hate it? (meaning justice is arbitrary) or do the gods hate it because murder is wrong? (exists above the gods and destroys their omnipotence) Socratic irony: socrates says something, but means the opposite. Epicurean: (hedonism) the virtuous life is the one filled with the most pleasure. Not purely sensual pleasures, but enjoying the simple things, and calculating happiness. Stoicism: happiness is virtue, but unaffected by emotion. Ethical demand to suppress bodily urges and to pursue logic and reason instead. Even in times of extreme pain, be unperturbable. (remember past happiness) Relativism: moral truths entirely dependent on social context. Overreaching (pleonexia): wanting more than you are due, so someone else loses his share. 3 types of ethical theories: utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics. Five dialogues written by plato, about his teacher socrates.
