ART 142 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - Italy, Virginity, Renaissance
ART 142
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
The proto- Renaissance in Italy
Place, purpose and point of view
● Place: Italy, 13th hundred and 14th hundred, independent city states. Regions shifted
over time i.e war
● Not known as Italians → Romans, Florentines, Venetian
● Each has it’s own government within the state
Art
● Precursor: maniera greca/ italo = Byzantine style
● Followed by: more naturalistic depictions of the human body and environment
Cimabue, Madonna enthroned with Angels and Prophets
● Nickname, not his actual name → ox head
● He was a major artist
● Associated with Gothic and Pre-renaissance style
● Initiates a bit of a move from static → realistic style 3D space, naturalistic human form
● Departing from Byzantine, using gold to highlight texture and forms and draperies
● Not flat → gold = person is in heaven
● Not to worship actual image, focus on person in heaven
● Linear perspective, show he is depicted in space
Gitto, Madonna Enthroned from church of Ognissanti
● Florentine painter, architect, and sculptor
● Greatest and most influential Italian painter before the Renaissance
● Introduces nature and restore italian art
● Roman was celebrated for realistic treatment of human figure
● Robes drape heavily around limbs, no gold highlights but shades to depict heavy shape.
Depth that retreats backwards.
Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel, Padua
● {aduan money- lender
● Dante put his father in the seventh circle of hell for his ill-gotten gains
● He put people in hell
● usury → worst place in hell, bad thing to do
● He decided to make church dedicated to Virgin of Charity
● Build on arena
Usury: action or practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of interest
→ Giotto, interior frescoes of the Scrovegni
● Life of virgin from parents
● Brightly coloured narrative scenes
● Decorative borders with quatrefoils
Visitation, fresco
● St Elizabeth in baby wombs leaps and realizes he’s St John the Baptist
● She’s establishing meeting, babies greet each other
● Positive natural creation
● Goes with laws of Christianity and positive light
find more resources at oneclass.com
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● Making new things
Hiring of Judas
● Judas in yellow cloak → yellow is a colour of identification
● He is representing sin → making money in a bad way
● Hiring him to betray his teacher → Jesus
● Creating money through betrayal and sin
Betrayal of Jesus
● After the last supper
● Kissing friend to show this is the one he wants
● Yellow clock → Judas
● Looking at face with compassion
● Artist: adding a lot of emotional expression, chaos, malestom
● Fighting for Jesus, Peter holding knife
● Helmets → metallic pigment, shiny silver
Lamentation fresco
● Nothing new that hasn’t been depicted before
● Artist: human emotions, landscape to emphasis
● Leafless tree → symbol of Jesus’s death
● Everyone looking down → At jesus, landscape as well
● Directionality, motion of figures
● No display of true emotion is art pieces
● Depicted by their symbols
● Trying to get angels right → doesn’t have the right formulas
● Paired with resurrection
● All framed by decorative border, visual continuity
● Follow narrative in scene → indulgence (way to get to out of purgatory quicker)
● Challenges viewer to find own path, what moral rights given
● Virtues on right, vices on left.
Hope and Desperation
● Left vs right
● Punishment for usury → purpose of chapel and patron
● Very afraid of being punished for loaning money and charging interest
● Right from wrong
Last Judgement
● If you chosen correctly, this is where it is decided
● Rainbow halo
● Takes everything, harnessed and put into religious symbolism
● Angels around
● Apostles to right, buddies.
All together/ purpose
● Patron, donor → self depicted in art Good moral standings for donating”
● He’s presenting a model of his own chapel
● He’s depicted in a green robe → distributing alms
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Place: italy, 13th hundred and 14th hundred, independent city states. Not known as italians romans, florentines, venetian. Each has it"s own government within the state. Precursor: maniera greca/ italo = byzantine style. Followed by: more naturalistic depictions of the human body and environment. Nickname, not his actual name ox head. Initiates a bit of a move from static realistic style 3d space, naturalistic human form. Departing from byzantine, using gold to highlight texture and forms and draperies. Not flat gold = person is in heaven. Not to worship actual image, focus on person in heaven. Linear perspective, show he is depicted in space. Greatest and most influential italian painter before the renaissance. Roman was celebrated for realistic treatment of human figure. Robes drape heavily around limbs, no gold highlights but shades to depict heavy shape. Dante put his father in the seventh circle of hell for his ill-gotten gains. Usury worst place in hell, bad thing to do.
