PAT 20A/B Study Guide - Final Guide: Entecavir, Telaprevir, Bulgarian Lev

• School: Ryerson University
• Department: Pathotherapeutics
• Course: PAT 20A/B
• Professor: Audrey Kenmir

Document Summary

Etiology: viral infection, chemicals and drugs, autoimmune disease, metabolic disorders, genetic abnormalities, bacteria. Complications: acute clinical syndrome that results in severe impairment or necrosis of liver cells and potential liver failure (fulmination hepatitis) , liver failure, death. *symptoms: jaundice, encephalopathy (manifested by altered mental state), and ascites (abdominal swelling). Aspartate aminotransferase (ast) and alanine aminotransferase (alt) are liver enzymes whose levels can indicate liver cell injury. Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase (alp) and -glutamyl transpeptidase (ggt) are usually associated with bile duct injuries, but these levels can rise to a lesser extent in viral hepatitis infections. Acute viral hepatitis; increased to more than 1000 u/l: liver function tests: more accurately reflect liver function. Serum albumin, serum bilirubin, and prothrombin time, which is standardized to the international normalized ratio (inr). Acute viral hepatitis; serum albumin, serum bilirubin, and inr remain normal. Jaundice; the serum bilirubin level is usually at least twice the normal upper limit (>34 mcmol/l).