BMS 150 Midterm: BMS Midterm #2

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carminedog921

6 Nov 2016

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Each person has two copies of each gene. Genes can be mutated, resulting in altered proteins. In recessive conditions both alleles need to be mutated for the patients to have the condition. In dominant conditions, one mutant allele will re. Some conditions are x linked which means that they are on the x chromosome in the region not found in the y chromosome. How are genes transmitted: gregor mendel is the father of genetics, specific patterns in the way traits were passed from parent to offspring, some traits disappeared then reappeared in 3:1 ratio, dominant traits and recessive traits. Each parent carries contributes only one gene to each offspring. Separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes occurs during meiosis. Phenotype vs genotype: phenotype: what an organism looks like, tall or short, genotype: genetic makeup, tt or tt or tt, tt or tt have tall phenotype. Mendel brushed the pollen onto the carpels, thus was certain what.

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QUESTION 1

Jim is blood type A, his brother John is type O and his sister Jane is type AB. What are the genotypes of their parents?

Which of the following is true for alleles that show incomplete dominance?

Heterozygotes have a genotype like the dominant allele.

Homozygotes have a genotype like the recessive allele.

Heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the dominant and recessive alleles.

Homozygotes have the same phenotype as the heterozygotes.

QUESTION 3

Which principle of inheritance concluded that when games are formed in meiosis, the two alleles of each gene separate from one another, and each gamete receives only one allele?

independent assortment

Which term best describes a condition in which alleles at one locus can alter the expression of alleles at another locus?

polygenic inheritance

A single unit of genetic information located on a chromosome defines:

The physical expression (appearance or function) of an organism's genes defines:

genotype

a single characteristic

Palomino horses (golden color with a blond mane) are an incompletely dominant trait produced by the combination of the chestnut color allele and the cream color allele. If you wanted to produce as many palominos as possible, which mating strategy below would be the best choice?

Which term best describes the effect of a single gene on multiple aspects of the phenotype?

polygenic inheritance

QUESTION 9

Which term best describes the separate expression of both alleles for a single trait in the same cell?

polygenic inheritance

QUESTION 10

One form of a gene found on a single chromosome defines:

A chocolate lab (whose mother was a yellow lab) is mated with a black lab whose genotype is BbEe. What fraction of the offspring would be expected to be yellow labs?

What type of allele is always expressed regardless of whether the individual is homozygous or heterozygous for it?

Both the dominant and recessive alleles

Given the parents AABBGgHhrr Ã AabbGgHhRr, assume simple dominance and independent assortment. What proportion of the progeny will be expected to have the genotype AaBbggHHrr?

___________________ is defined as having two of the same type of allele for a particular trait.

The physical position of an allele on a single chromosome defines:

Which term best describes two or more genes affecting the phenotype in an additive fashion?

codominance

polygenic inheritance

Q1. Which of the following statements is true about the disease Kuru?
Kuru is caused by a virus, which is contracted by eating human brain material.
Kuru is caused by a prion (PrP), which is contracted by eating human brain material.
Kuru is caused by a recessive allele for PrP; if a person has two copies, he or she will develop Kuru.
Kuru is caused by a dominant allele for PrP; if a person has two copies, he or she will develop Kuru.
Kuru is caused by having one copy of the dominant allele and one copy of the recessive allele for PrP.

Q2. True or false: One can calculate the frequency of alleles in a population if the genotypes of the members of the population are known.

True False

Q3. The Hardy-Weinberg equation is p2 + 2pq + q2. In this equation, q2 stands for the frequency of ____________ in a population.

The recessive allele O

ne of the homozygous genotypes

The dominant allele

Heterozygous genotype

Q4. Which of the following descriptions best fits the relationship between the terms gene, allele, locus, and chromosome?

Alleles are different forms of a gene, which can be found at a locus on a chromosome.

Genes are made up of chromosomes, which can be found at a locus on an allele.

Chromosomes are different forms of a gene, which can be found at an allele on a locus.

A locus is made up of alleles, which can be found at a gene on a chromosome.

Q5. Mead and his colleagues proposed a hypothesis for the apparent heterozygote advantage for the PrP locus. What did they suggest as the basis for the high presence of both alleles?
History of cannibalism.
Protection from malaria.
Protection against plague.
They did not propose a heterozygotic advantage for the PrP locus.

Q7. A frog population has two alleles for skin color at the following relative frequencies: Allele SC1= 0.8, Allele SC2 = 0.2. Allele SC2 is:
Dominant
Recessive
Co-dominant
Impossible to determine dominance from the information given.

Q8. A bird population has two alleles for feather color at the following relative frequencies: Allele FC1 = 0.5, Allele FC2 = 0.5. Allele FC1 is:
Dominant
Recessive
Co-dominant
Impossible to determine dominance from the information given.

Q9. Use the following information for both questions 9 and 10: You encounter a few populations of millipedes with variation in skin color. Genotype can be inferred from coloration: CC millipedes are black, Cc millipedes are brown, and cc millipedes are yellow. [You can launch a calculator byclicking here.]

If one millipede population has 60 black individuals, 20 brown individuals, and 20 yellow individuals, what is the relative frequency of allele C in that population?

0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
Impossible to calculate from the information given.

Q10. If another millipede population's allele frequencies are 0.5 for C and 0.5 for c, what is the expected frequency of the cc genotype in the population, if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
0.125
0.25
0.5
1.0
Impossible to calculate from the information given.

greenskunk262

1.) In tomato plants, spines (s) are recessive to nospines (S), and white fruit color (w) isrecessive to red fruit color (W). The genes for spines andfruit color are located on the same chromosome; findings frommapping experiments indicate that they are 13.2 m.u. apart. Atomato plant having spines and white fruit color is crossed with aplant that is homozygous for no spines and red fruit color. The F1are crossed with plants that have spines and white fruit color.Which of the following phenotypes and proportions are expected inthe progeny of this cross? Check all that apply.

a) Red, no spines = 43.4%; white, spines = 43.4%

b) White, no spines = 43.4%; red, spines = 43.4%

c) Red, no spines = 6.6%; red, spines = 6.6%

d) White, no spines = 6.6%; white, spines = 6.6%

e) White, no spines = 6.6%; red, spines = 6.6%

f) Red, no spines = 43.4%; red, spines = 43.4%

g) Red, no spines = 6.6%; white, spines = 6.6%

h) White, no spines = 43.4%; white, spines = 43.4%

2.) In Drosophila, the map positions of genes are givenin map units numbering from one end of a chromosome to the other.The X chromosome of Drosophila is 66 m.u. long.The X-linked gene for body color-with two alleles,y ⁺for gray body and y foryellow body-resides at one end of the chromosome at map position0.0. A nearby locus controlling bristle form, withf ⁺for normal bristles and ffor forked bristles is located at map position 1.5. A thirdX-linked gene for eye color, with alleles w⁺for red eye and w for white eye, islocated at map position 56.7. Each gene resides on the Xchromosome, and at each locus the wild-type allele is dominant overthe mutant allele. Do you expect any of these gene pair(s) toassort independently?

a) Yes, y and w are each expected to assortindependently of f

b) Yes, all the genes are expected to assort independently

c) Yes, y and f are each expected to assortindependently of w

d) No, there are no genes expected to assortindependently

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BMS 150 Midterm: BMS Midterm #2

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