BMED 471 Study Guide - Winter 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes - United Nations, Tobacco Smoking, Substance Abuse
12 Oct 2018
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BMED 471
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Module 1: Introduction and Needs Assessments
Section 02: WHAT IS NEEDS ASSESSMENT?
- Needs: the gap between what Is and what SHOULD BE
- Health programs and interventions are designed to address a need in an identified
population.
- Health needs are often defined as the gap that exists between the current state of health
and the desired state
- Health needs commonly relate to one or more of the social or physical determinants of
health (e.g. homeless shelters and subsidized housing)
- A needs of assessment can be thought as a systematic process to understand the needs
of a population in the context of a social system, so that effective actions can be planned
to address those needs
- A needs of assessment is a systemic process used to identify the needs (or gaps) between
what is currently occurring in an organization and what should be happening.
- Need Assessment are conducted to:
Plan and deliver the most effective services to those in greatest need
Gain an understanding of the population served by an organization to better
recognize the population’s unique needs, culture, and social structure
Help decision makers identify priorities for health programs and system
improvements
Reduce unintended negative consequences by identifying needs before starting
programs
Apply the principles of equity and social justice
- National/International needs of assessments
Commonly related to natural disasters, food security, and the social determinants of
health
United Nations / Red Cross and Red Crescent / World Health Organization
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Natural disaster -> WHO conduct national/international needs assessments ->
determine the areas that have greatest needs -> work with governments to focus
their resources in these areas -> needs assessments on a more regional level
- Regional needs of assessment
The needs of assessments vary among areas (population/region & identified needs
& urgency of the intervention)
- Local needs of assessment
May take on wide framework, aiming to assess the overall health or identity the
general barriers to health in a community
May take on a narrow frame work
Aiming to improve the health of one population within the community
Focusing on one community organization or program
Focusing to improve one aspect of a community organization
Section 03: Conducting a needs assessment
- Steps in conducting a needs assessment
1) Identification of Users and Uses of the Organization
Determine who are the stakeholders and end-users / identify what the organization
provides to the end-users
Assist in developing a purpose and identifying who will be impacted by the needs
assessment
A. Stakeholders: who can affect or can be affected by an organization’s actions
(staff), people who receive the organization’s services or the organization itself
B. End-users: Who in the community accesses the services provided by the
organization?
C. Uses: what does the organization do?
2) Description of the Target Population and Service Environment
A. Describe the population and area that is served by the organization
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Needs: the gap between what is and what should be. Health programs and interventions are designed to address a need in an identified population. Health needs are often defined as the gap that exists between the current state of health and the desired state. Health needs commonly relate to one or more of the social or physical determinants of health (e. g. homeless shelters and subsidized housing) A needs of assessment can be thought as a systematic process to understand the needs of a population in the context of a social system, so that effective actions can be planned to address those needs. A needs of assessment is a systemic process used to identify the needs (or gaps) between what is currently occurring in an organization and what should be happening. Plan and deliver the most effective services to those in greatest need.
