BIOL 110 Study Guide - Final Guide: Small Interfering Rna, Microrna, Rna Interference
25 Nov 2015
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Embryonic transcription factors: signals (usually a protein) that turn on genes during embryogenesis in order to have normal development (ex. homeobox gene) Signal transduction: external cues such as the amount of sunlight, a food odor, or a baby"s cry that can stimulate cells to send a signal to stimulate gene expression. Acetyl groups: bind to histone proteins allowing transcription factors to bind. Methyl groups: binding prevents transcription; methylation turns off genes, ex. Cancer due to the methylation of tumor suppressor genes. Proteomics: the study of the structure and function of proteins (especially their amino acid sequences), including the way they work and interact with each other inside cells. Exon shuffling: joining parts of smaller proteins to create larger proteins. Pseudogens: a portion of dna that is similar to a functional gene but is not functional as a result of mutations it has accumulated. Transposons: dna sequences that have the ability to insert themselves elsewhere on the chromosome.
