HLSC 2P91 Midterm: Midterm-Protein summary
12 Feb 2017
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Protein: large complex molecules, critical component of all tissues, synthesized in the body, energy producing & contains nitrogen, metabolism, immunity. Amino acid: base unit of protein, essential amino acid: histidine, isoleucine, lysine, leucin, methionine (+ cystine), Dna acts as a template (in nucleus) Makes a copy which is mrna (transcription= transcribes region of dna) Mrna moves out of nucleus into cytosol. Ribosomes decipher code & line up trna (group by 3 amino acids) Trna is unique to each 3 chain. Ribosomes move along & maturation occurs (protein is formed) Post translational modi cations occur (methyl cap and adenosine tail) Genetic error (dna), copying error (mrna), reading error (trna) Steps can be missing or can"t be read properly causing enzyme, hormone or protein to be faulty and/or not form properly: epigenetics: Genes can be turned on or off. Pattern of gene expression regulated by modi cations to dna (methylation, acetylation, transcription factors)
