PHYL2001 Study Guide - Final Guide: Carbamino, Eosin, Eosinophil
PHYL2001: Lecture 5: BLOOD 2
CO2:
-Not bound to heme part of Hb!
-but binds to proteins in RBC (non selectively to all proteins) !
-carbamino compounds not only for Hb!
Oxygen
-it binds to heme in Hb!
-Hb has 4 subunits!
-2 alpha and 2 beta (4 polypeptide chains = 1 heme unit)!
-Binds to the iron in Hb (not where CO2 binds)!
Amount of Hb get in blood:!
-hypoxia (decreases)!
-produce more Hb (that’s why train at high altitude) !
-(reduced O2 PP) which stimulates increase EPO !
-(kidneys will release EPO)!
-EPO -> endurance cyclists especially = increases Hb present !
-= transport more O2!
Thyroid hormone needed otherwise anaemic!
-higher testosterone !
-= higher RBC and Hb concentration than women!
Fraction of cell in blood = PCV
.45 and .42 in women
Granulocytes !
= different shaped nucleus (top 3 leukocytes in the diagram)!
Eosinophil !
-take up eosin stain!
Neutrophils !
-don’t really take up stain!
Haemotoxylin stains nucleus blue !
-(things that are acidic eg. DNA, nucleus)!
Monocytes !
= engulf, 5% of WBC!
Eosinophil !
-pump out cytotoxin chemicals !
-= train to kill parasites (too big to eat so don't engulf)!
-means good for killing pathogens !
-but bad for us because might cause autoimmune!
Document Summary
Not bound to heme part of hb. But binds to proteins in rbc (non selectively to all proteins) 2 alpha and 2 beta (4 polypeptide chains = 1 heme unit) Binds to the iron in hb (not where co2 binds) Produce more hb (that"s why train at high altitude) (reduced o2 pp) which stimulates increase epo. Epo -> endurance cyclists especially = increases hb present. = higher rbc and hb concentration than women. = di erent shaped nucleus (top 3 leukocytes in the diagram) (things that are acidic eg. dna, nucleus) = train to kill parasites (too big to eat so don"t engulf) But bad for us because might cause autoimmune. Each lymphocytes respond to only 1 speci c foreign antigen. Lymphocytes not found in eye, so if it gets into eye, (damage to eye and uid comes out) Antibodies will be created for antigen -> goes into eye -> blind.
