PHY2011 Study Guide - Final Guide: Twin, Follicular Cell, Folliculogenesis
6 Jun 2018
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The endometrium
Made up of 2 layers à undergoes cycles each month, changing height, profile and
secretory activity
(1) Functional layer: undergoes cyclic changes due to ovarian hormones and is
shed during menstruation (stratum functionalis) à undergoes growth
(2) Basal layer: Unresponsive to ovarian hormones (stratum basalis) à contains
stem cells
The fallopian tubes
• Also known as the uterine tubes or oviducts
• Receive ovulated oocytes and are the site where fertilisation
normally takes place
• Finger-like projections (fimbriae) sweep over the ovary to capture
the oocyte
• Muscular movements and beating cilia carry the oocyte through
the tube down towards the uterus (fertilized egg)
• Length of fallopian tube = 10cm
The ovaries
• 2 small, almond shaped organs that:
o Produce female gametes (ova/
oocytes/eggs)
o Secrete female sex hormones
(estrogen and progesterone)
Each ovary consists of the:
• Medulla: Inside region which is highly
vascularised (center of the overy)
• Cortex: Outside region where follicles are
matured to release oocytes à where egg is
reeleased upon ovulation
