CHM1011 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Molecular Orbital Theory, Antibonding Molecular Orbital, Orbital Hybridisation

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Electronegativity: relative ability of a bonded atom to attract shared electrons in the molecule. Difference in electronegativity can predict the type of bond. Double and triple bonds have respectively higher energies than single bonds. Combining atomic orbitals in molecules to form a new hybrid orbital. Simplest case in h2: two 1s orbitals combine to form a single sigma bond. 2s and 2p combine to form a sp hybrid orbital. Double bonds are represented by a sigma and a pi bond. In polyatomic molecules, different orbitals may combine to form hybrid orbitals. Two orbitals that combine in a bond may overlap constructively or destructively. Constructive: wave functions reinforce, bonding molecular orbital is formed, region of high electron density exists between nuclei. Destructive: wave functions cancel, anti-bonding molecular orbital is formed, node of zero electron density between nuclei results in repulsion. Mole(cid:272)ular or(cid:271)ital diagra(cid:373)s (cid:373)ust o(cid:271)e(cid:455) hu(cid:374)d"s rule, pauli"s e(cid:454)(cid:272)lusio(cid:374) pri(cid:374)(cid:272)iple a(cid:374)d the.

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