SLE102 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Clastic Rock, Mudstone, Gypsum

• School: Deakin University
• Department: Science, Engineering and Built Environment
• Course: SLE102
• Professor: Nick Porch

Document Summary

Sedimentary rocks: formed on the surface of the earth, aggregates deposited by a transporting medium (i. e. water, wind, ice) or deposits of organic origin and chemical precipitates. Rocks made up of rock and mineral fragments; formed from physically transported mineral and rock debris derived from pre-existing rocks. Rounded grains as a result of being transported. High abundance of clay in fine-grained rocks. Subdivided/classified by grainsize: gravel, sand, silt, clay. Conglomerate: formed from coarse grain deposits of gravel (>2mm) coarse-grained; rounded pebbles. Sandstone: sand grains (0. 06-2mm) cemented, usually quartz medium-grained. Siltstone: silt particles (0. 004-0-. 06mm), mostly quartz -> mudstone fine-grained. Shale/claystone: deposits of clay (<0. 004mm), mostly clay minerals mudstone. Rocks made up of accumulated organic matter (from plants or animals) Limestone: composed of shells and skeletal material made up of calcium carbonate fossil material. Rocks formed as chemical precipitates / formed by precipitation of water. Chemical precipitates formed by evaporation of sea water or in salt lakes.