Kim Nguyen was leading a meeting to create the work breakdown structure (WBS) for her  company's IT upgrade project. This project was necessary because of several high-priority, Internet-based applications the company was developing. The IT upgrade project involved creating  and implementing a plan to make all employees' IT assets meet new corporate standards within nine months. These standards specified the minimum requirements for each desktop or laptop computer, including the type of processor, amount of memory, hard disk size, type of network connection, and software.

A network professional wants to connect a small company network to the Internet. The ISP offers a single IP address that needs to be shared between all hosts on the private network. No external host is required to enable connections to internal hosts. Mention the type of NAT that should be implemented in this case.

Question 1: Please revise the following paragraph for clarity and conciseness. 

It should be mentioned that in recent years, touchscreen technology has become widely used for many different purposes as a way to interact with computer systems, particular for mobile devices. A touchscreen is an electronic visual display that can be controlled by touching the screen with one or more fingers, as well, to allow for a much more direct interaction with what is displayed compared to a device like a mouse. Touchscreens have become very common on smart phones, and increasingly, regular laptop and desktop computers use touchscreen displays so users can use both touch as well as more traditional ways of input. At a basic level, touchscreen technology works similar to a computer mouse, yet instead of moving pointer with a mouse and then clicking on a location, one must press on the location with their finger. However, multi-touch technology makes it possible to interact with the computer display in many different ways which are inclusive of tasks like scrolling up and down a webpage, selecting text and to drag-and-drop. The first major technology that became successful was resistive touchscreen technology. Resistive touchscreen technology uses a panel that is consisted of several layers, including two thin, electrically charged layers separated by a thin space. By pressing on the panel, these two layers touch and the location of the connection is recorded as the input. Resistive touchscreens are considered to be relatively cheap and very resistant to liquids such as water. The major downsides are that one is needed to actually press down with a certain amount of pressure and they have relatively poor contrast. As a result, resistive touchscreens did not become widely used for computer systems but instead are developed as part as other electronic systems.

Q3: Summarize the following article in your own words for nontechnical readers interested in current voice cloning technologies. Reduce to roughly 25% of the original text. Include the in-text citation and end-of text reference using IEEE style.

Modern Social Engineering Voice Cloning Technologies 

by S. Sokolov, O. M. Alimov October 9, 2020 

Published in IEEE Xplore (pp. 513-514)   doi: 10.1109/EIConRus49466.2020.9038954 

Over the past few years, technologies capable of recognizing the human voice have made tremendous advances. The voice biometrics of each person is unique, which allows it to be used as an authenticator of a specific user. In 1952, the first voice recognizer from 0 to 9 was introduced, developed by Bell. This was the first major step in the development of speech recognition technology. Nowadays, people can observe a wide range of use of voice recognition technologies both in security systems and in ordinary and entertainment fields. This makes it easier to solve human problems and gradually become an integral part of life. 

The first mass-produced speech recognition product was released in 1990 - it was Dragon Dictate. IBM introduced ViaVoice in 1994, and Bell introduced the Val telephone system in 1995 to automate dispatchers and call routing. At the moment, the most popular speech recognition technologies have contributed to smartphones, the development of which since 2011 began the integration of digital (or virtual) assistants. 

Over time, the set of features gradually increases, but the functions and availability of services depend on the language, country, and region. Modern speech recognition technologies are also used in banking systems (voice authorization system), security systems, "smart homes", household appliances, social services for people with disabilities, in-car systems, and others. 

Nowadays, the number of services using voice control is growing steadily. Many of the largest digital technology companies have or are preparing to introduce a digital assistant. This list includes Alibaba (AliGenie), Amazon (Alexa), Apple (Siri), Facebook (M / Aloha), Google (Assistant), Samsung (Bixby). Now we can say that virtual assistants are still in their infancy, but already now companies are developing their development vector aimed at achieving different goals. And the systems of "smart home", shown back in the 80s and 90s in films and on television, ceased to be expensive and inaccessible. Now this management is not much gone from the first type, people just began to include in their voices what they turned on with their hands. But these systems will be able to increase their capabilities with further development. 

At the moment, technology allows people not only to recognize the speech delivered by a particular person, but also to imitate the necessary voice. Nowadays, neural networks synthesizing the voice of specific people are actively gaining popularity. A system based on a neural network is capable of cloning a human voice based on the analysis of even a very short fragment of the source material. Programs not only very well imitate human speech, but also are able to introduce their own peculiarities into it like an accent.