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Energy Drinks. Popular energy drinks contain green tea extract and caffeine. Do these energy drinks help you lose weight by increasing your metabolism?
 
Researchers at a medical school designed an experiment to determine the chemical effects of green tea and caffeine on energy metabolism in healthy, lean, young adults.
 
Researchers randomly assigned participants to 2 treatments. One group drank Formula A , a beverage with green tea and caffeine: The other group drank Formula $B$, a beverage with none of these ingredients but colored to look like Formula A. The beverages were blinded at the production site, so the experiment was double-blind.
 
The researchers chilled the beverages to 6C. Participants drank the beverages at the same time each day for three days. During the 3 days of the experiment, the researchers fed each participant the same diet. On the 3rd day participants spent 24 hours in a calorimeter chamber to measure their energy metabolism. The medical journal Obesity published the results in 2007.
 
Which confounding variable is controlled by randomly assigning individuals to treatments?
⚪ The physical fitness level of the participants
⚪ the effect of green tea and caffeine on energy metabolism
⚪ the time of day participants drank the beverages

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