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State whether the following statement is true or false:

Galileo discovered that the orbits in which planets move around the sun are elliptical.

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Sagar Yadav
Sagar YadavLv10
3 Oct 2020

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Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition, 2013
Giancoli
ISBN: 9780321625922

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Planets go around the sun in elliptical orbits. Thehighlyexaggerated diagram below shows a portion of such an orbitand theforce on the planet at one position along that orbit. Theplanet ismoving to the right. F|| andF are thecomponents ofthe force parallel (tangential) and perpendicular(normal) to theorbit. The work they do is W|| and W. Atthe positionshown

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a) Venus orbits the Sun faster than Earth orbits the Sun.
b) Inner planets orbit the Sun at higher speed thanouterplanets
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2)Kepler's third law states that a planet's orbital period,p, isrelated to its average (semimajor axis) orbitaldistance, a,according to the mathematical relationshipp^{2} = a^{3}. Which ofthefollowing statements describe a characteristic of the solarsystemthat is explained by Kepler's third law?


Check all that apply

a) Venus orbits the Sun faster than Earth orbits the Sun.
b) Inner planets orbit the Sun at higher speed thanouterplanets
c) The Sun is located slightly off-center from the middle ofeachplanet's orbit.
d) All the planets orbit the Sun in nearly the same plane
e) Earth is slightly closer to the Sun on one side of itsorbit thanon the other side
f) Pluto moves faster when it is closer to the Sun thanwhen it isfarther from the Sun

Two newly discovered planets follow circular orbits around a star in a distant part of the galaxy. The orbital speeds of the planets are determined to be 37.5 km/s and 58.0 km/s. The slower planet's orbital period is 8.13 years. (a) What is the mass of the star? (b) What is the orbital period of the faster planet, in years?

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