CRM 1301 Lecture Notes - Prison Ship, Solitary Confinement, Consumerism

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chrisnader62

15 Feb 2023

School

University of Ottawa

Department

Criminology

Course

CRM 1301

Professor

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Document Summary

A theory is an educated guess on an unknown topic. An assumption of a certain topic or question. A set of interconnected ideas that condenses and organizes knowledge about the social world that we live in. A theory is not inherently good or bad. A theory is not that truth (but it can lead to it through research) To make sense why a person would commit crime. Whether or not their environment had an impact on why they committed the crime or not. Just in general, find out why someone would commit a crime. It is to also think up of solutions to crime and how to prevent it. To describe, explain, predict and ultimately control crime. People tend to commit crime due to weak bonds like domestic issues, financial issues. Assessing a theory based on measuring and testing. Focusing on the substance of a theory.

Related Questions

Please answer these questions in detail using online Canadian sources:

1. Perform a feminist critique/deconstruction of the broken windows theory. (sexual misconduct/assault)

a) Discuss how a feminist criminologist would view the theory and arguments

b) what problems they might identify with the theory and how they might suggest towards improving the theory to take into account women's knowledge and experiences of crime and disorder.

2. Compare and contrast the general strain theory with the control balance theory.

a) discuss the similarities/differences between the theories and how each might address the phenomenon of terrorism.

b) Are the two theories compatible in their perspectives?

orangegoose439

Based on various biological theories, answer the following questions:

List 3 different biological/physical traits that you might expect to find among murderers.
Briefly describe why/how each trait leads people to commit murder.

capjack

QUESTION 26

Age 65 has come to be considered the onset of old age in the U.S. because:

	a.	This is when most older adults find their abilities diminishing
	b.	At age 65, physical appearance makes it evident that a person is old
	c.	This is the age identified in Social Security and Medicare at the time these were enacted
	d.	This is the age at which life expectancy diminishes most rapidly

1 points

QUESTION 27

The concept of "dependency ratios" has been criticized because:

		Individual differences in needs as well as differences in aging and activity choices make it difficult to ascertain which generation depends on which other generations.
		Very few older adults ever rely on younger individuals for support and assistance
		The most dependent generation may well be young adults
		It is common knowledge that older adults are dependent on younger individuals

1 points

QUESTION 28

Which of the following is the most accurate statement about the purpose of theory in understanding aging?

	a.	Theories attempt to explai what we observe in empirical research or practice
	b.	A goal is to consolidate practice around a simple set of principles
	c.	Theories resolve disputes about the nature of reality and definitions of aging
	d.	The most important purpose is to reduce apparently complex phenomena to a few basic factors

1 points

QUESTION 29

Explanations that focus on the situations and problems that accumulate during the life span and cannot be understood separate from developmental experiences are considered to reflect:

	a.	The aged
	b.	Aging
	c.	Age
	d.	The meaning of life

1 points

QUESTION 30

Early theories of aging, described later life as a:

	a.	Problem
	b.	normal, welcomed stage of life
	c.	rare and unique process
	d.	Too idiosyncratic for generalized description

1 points

QUESTION 31

Theories that explain aging as resulting from the accumulation of "insults" from the environment, which eventually reach a level incompatible with life are labeled:

	a.	Sociocultural theories
	b.	Selective optimization with compensation
	c.	Model of Human Occupation
	d.	Stochastic theories

1 points

QUESTION 32

Psychological theories of aging seek to explain

	a.	Reasons for the emergence of mental disorders in late life
	b.	Why older individuals are likely to be pessimistic
	c.	Relationships among older and younger individuals
	d.	The multiple changes in individual behavior in late life

1 points

QUESTION 33

It is now believed that neurological theories of aging that focus on decline in neurological functioning may be:

	a.	Too optimistic
	b.	Lacking in clarity
	c.	Too pessimistic
	d.	Too limited

1 points

QUESTION 34

In the theory of Selective Optimization with Compensation, "optimization" refers to the idea that:

	a.	People engage in behaviors that augment or enrich their general reserves and maximize their chosen life courses
	b.	People make efforts in middle age to accumulate needed resources to ensure successful aging
	c.	Changing biological and psychological factors that enhance the abilities of older adults in memory and problem solving
	d.	Political initiatives that reduce stigma associated with later life

1 points

QUESTION 35

Mrs. Adams, an 87 year-old widow, has begun to distance herself from some of her extended family members. At the same time, she spends increasing time with her adult children, grandchildren, and some of her close neighbors. This would be an example of:

	a.	The Model of Human Occupation
	b.	Evolutionary Theory
	c.	Cognition and Aging theories
	d.	Socioemotional Selectivity Theory

1 points

QUESTION 36

A theory of particular relevance to occupational and physical therapy is:

	a.	Theory of Free Radicals
	b.	Systems theory of motor control
	c.	Stochastic theories
	d.

1 points

QUESTION 37

Theory is important to therapeutic decisions as a way to:

	a.	Reduce the therapist's need to address individual differences
	b.	Guide decisions about evaluation and intervention
	c.	Minimize the idea of complexity in understanding older adults
	d.	Clearly identify the specific evaluation instruments to be used

CRM 1301 Lecture Notes - Prison Ship, Solitary Confinement, Consumerism

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