BIOCHEMISTRY Study Guide - Final Guide: Hydrogen Sulfide, Professional Agrologist, Sa Water

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hanastudynotes

5 Nov 2022

School

University of Santo Tomas

Department

Chemistry

Course

BIOCHEMISTRY

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Document Summary

Before, the earth still can"t sustain life form. 200 times as much as carbon as today"s atmosphere. Utilize life and make their own food. Easy to manage everything pag sa water; created more free oxygen. Facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood. Moving air in & out of lungs. Gas exchange between air & blood in lungs. Meet in mitochondria reate cell respiration for energy (atp) Reason bakit nagkaron ng carbon dioxide; meron ng pinaggalingan through mitrochondria. Dependent on concentration gradient; maintain certain concentration. Alveoli last part of system; only part that will have gas exchange. Oxygen used to produce atp with carbon dioxide as waste happens in mitochondria. In order to survive: you need to produce atp. Epiglottis: flexible flap of cartilage that routes air & food appropriately; prevents you from chocking. Vocal cords: assist in sound production, maintains an open airway. Have receptors for smell; to sense smell.

Related Questions

In the blood, carbonic acid/bicarbonate is an effective buffer system that is linked to the CO2 dissolved in the blood. Explain the equilibrium. Explain why, when we hold our breath, we are risking respiratory acidosis, and when we hyperventilate we risk respiratory alkalosis.

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QUESTION 11 The following is the respiratory component of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 12 The following is the metabolic component of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 13 The following is an acidic gas waste byproduct of cellular metabolism: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 14 The following is a strong base: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 15 Blood level of the following is regulated by the kidney: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 16 The following is a strong acid which may breakdown into hydrogen and bicarbonate: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 17 Elevation of the following in the blood leads to respiratory acidosis: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 18 Elevation of the following in the blood leads to metabolic alkalosis: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 19 Decrease of the following in the blood leads to respiratory alkalosis: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 20 Decrease of the following in the blood leads to metabolic acidosis: a. Carbon Dioxide b. Carbonic Acid c. Water d. Bicarbonate e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 21 The following enzyme is utilized in the carbonic acid/bicarbonate buffer system: a. Maltase b. Lactase c. Carbonic Anhydrase d. ATPase e. Sucrase 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 22 Hyperventilation may lead to the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 23 Hypoventilation may lead to the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 24 Hyperkalemia (elevated blood potassium) may lead to the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 25 Hypokalemia (decrease blood potassium) may lead to the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 26 Vomiting may lead to the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 27 Diarrhea may lead to the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 28 Respiratory acidosis is compensated by the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 29 Metabolic alkalosis is compensated by the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 30 Respiratory alkalosis is compensated by the following: a. Respiratory Acidosis b. Respiratory Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 31 A 10 year old drowning victim was treated immediately on arrival to the emergency department. His lab results revealed pH = 7.0, CO2 = 60 mmHg and HCO3- = 24 mEq/L. He had the following acid base imbalance: a. Respiratory Acidosis Uncompensated b. Respiratory Acidosis Compensated by Metabolic Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis Uncompensated d. Metabolic Acidosis Compensated by Respiratory Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 32 After treatment the patient in the previous question lab results revealed pH = 7.32, CO2 = 48 mmHg, and HCO3- = 28 mEq/L. He had the following acid base imbalance: a. Respiratory Acidosis Uncompensated b. Respiratory Acidosis Compensated by Metabolic Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis Uncompensated d. Metabolic Acidosis Compensated by Respiratory Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 33 A 20 year old female patient developed a panic attack while in close proximity to a snake. Upon being treated in the emergency department her lab results were pH = 7.59, CO2 = 27 mmHg, and HCO3- = 24 mEq/L. She had the following acid base imbalance: a. Respiratory Alkalosis Uncompensated b. Respiratory Acidosis Compensated by Metabolic Alkalosis c. Metabolic Alkalosis Uncompensated d. Metabolic Acidosis Compensated by Respiratory Alkalosis e. None of the Above 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 34 After treatment the patient in the previous question lab results revealed pH = 7.47, CO2 = 32 mmHg, and HCO3- = 21 mEq/L. He had the following acid base imbalance: a. Respiratory Alkalosis Uncompensated b. Respiratory Alkalosis Compensated by Metabolic Acidosis c. Metabolic Alkalosis Uncompensated d. Metabolic Alkalosis Compensated by Respiratory Acidosis 2 points Save Answer

QUESTION 35 A 55 year old female patient with bacteria pneumonia lab results revealed leukocytosis and pH = 7.0, CO2 = 50 mmHg, and HCO3- = 24 mEq/L. She had the following acid base imbalance: a. Respiratory Acidosis Uncompensated b. Respiratory Acidosis Compensated by Metabolic Alkalosis c. Metabolic Acidosis Uncompensated d. Metabolic Acidosis Compensated by Respiratory Alkalosis e. None of the Above

uestions The presence of dyshemoglobins will cause a calculated % SO2 result to be falsely (elevated, decreased) and a pulse oximeter %SpO, result to be falsely (elevated, 6. When arterial blood from a normal patient is exposed to room air a. pCO, increases; pO2 decreases b. pCO, decreases: pO, increases c. pCO2 decreases; pO, decreases d. pCO, increases pO, increases a. Elevated, elevated b. Decreased, decreased c. Elevated, decreased d. Decreased, elevated 7. A patient's arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH 7.37;pCO,75 mm Hg; HCO,,37 mmol/L. These values are consistent with a. Compensated respiratory acidosis b. Compensated nonrespiratory acidosis c. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis d. Uncompensated nonrespiratory alkalosis . The preferred anticoagulant for arterial blood gas measurements is- . -in the a. Lithium heparin; dry b. EDTA; dry c. Potassium oxalate; liquid d. Sodium citrate; dry state. 8. A patient's arterial blood gas results are as follows 3. At a pH of 7.10, the H concentration is equivalent to pH 7.48; pCO, 54 mm Hg; HCO, 38 mmol/L. These values are consistent with a. 80 nmol/L b. 20 nmol/L c. 40 nmol/L d. 60 nmol/L a. Compensated nonrespiratory alkalosis b. Compensated respiratory alkalosis c. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis d. Uncompensated nonrespiratory al 4. In respiratory alkalosis, the kidneys compensate by (excretion, retention) of bicarbonate and (increased, decreased) excretion of NaH,PO a. Excretion, decreased b. Excretion, increased c. Retention, increased d. Retention, decreased 9. In the circulatory system, bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the plasma through an exchange mechanism with- - - , to maintain electroneutrality a. Chloride b. Carbonic acid c. Lactate d. Sodium 5. The normal ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in arterial blood is a. 1:20 b. 7.4:6.1 C. 0.003:1.39 d. 20:1 10. Hypoventilation can compensate for following acid-base disorders a. Nonrespiratory acidosis b. Mixed alkalosis c. Mixed acidosis d. Nonrespiratory

BIOCHEMISTRY Study Guide - Final Guide: Hydrogen Sulfide, Professional Agrologist, Sa Water

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