BIOL 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Dna Polymerase, Goanna, G1 Phase

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mraliice

21 Oct 2021

School

York University

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 1500

Professor

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Document Summary

Unwinding ( helicase ) initiation ( primer ) elongation ( dna polymerase ) We can make more cells , by replicating dna. In prokaryotes , as cell grows it replicates its dna , binary ssion. In eukaryotes , pause phase ( g0 ) , interphase ( g1 phase , s phase and g2 phase ) in eukaryotes naked dna wraps nucleosomes ( groups of histone proteins ) Chromosomes : coiled version of dna. ( we have 46 ) ( sperm = 23 , egg = 23 ) ( prokaryotes : circular piece of dna ) gene : the sequence in dna that codes for particular dna. Transcription : rna molecules that is complementary to dna -> two strands follow the dna base , anti-parallel > similiar to dna , uracil instead of thymine. A - u , c - g , -> sugar , ribose -> mrna ( messenger ) , rrna (

Related Questions

For the following molecules indicate if the molecule is a DNA/RNA/protein, if it functions in DNA replication/transcription/RNA processing and if it functions in prokaryotes/eukaryotes/both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Match each letter to the correct protien.

	TATA box
	poly(A) polymerase
	ligase
	catalytic component of the splicesome

A.	DNA ; DNA replication; prokaryote
B.	DNA; DNA replication; eukaryote
C.	DNA; DNA replication; prokaryote & eukaryote
D.	DNA; transcription; prokaryote
E.	DNA; transcription; eukaryote
F.	DNA; transcription; prokaryote & eukaryote
G.	RNA; RNA processing; prokaryote
H.	RNA; RNA processing; eukaryote
I.	RNA; RNA processing; prokaryote & eukaryote
J.	RNA; transcription; eukaryote
K.	protein; DNA replication; prokaryotes and eukyarotes
L.	protein; RNA processing; eukaryote
M.	protein; transcription; eukaryote
N.	protein; DNA replication; prokaryote

violetimpala362

1. How is the structure of eukaryotic DNA and chromosomes related to how transcription occurs?(Hint: histones and winding is important)

2.Compare RNA polymerase in bacteria to the RNA polymerase in eukaryotic cells? What are the structural differences? How does this relate to how each works?

3.Compare and contrast the promoters found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

4.How is initiation started in eukaryotes?

5.What are transcription factors and what role do they play?

6.How are elongation and termination similar in eukaryotes & prokaryotes? How do they differ?

Make a table that contains the names and functions of DNAreplication actors in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes (ifapplicable).

Prokaryote	Eukaryote	Function(s)
		Sliding clamp that keeps polymerase onDNA
		Protein complex that loads clamp ontoDNA, associates with polymerase and helicase to keep replication ofboth strands at the replication fork
		Removes RNA primers
		Endonuclease that cuts off the RNAprimer from new DNA strand
		seals a nick with a phosphodiesterbond in the DNA backbone
		DNA sequence capping the ends oflinear chromosomes
		Enzyme that adds new DNA to the end oflinear chromosomes
		RNA component that acts as template
		Enzyme (protein) part that adds DNA from RNA template
		Structure formed to protecttelomere-capped chromosome ends

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BIOL 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Dna Polymerase, Goanna, G1 Phase

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