BIO 365S Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Venae Cavae, Mean Arterial Pressure, Pulse Pressure
Narrated Chapter 15
MAP & Baro Receptor
The cardiovascular system is a closed loop.The heart is a pump that circulates
bloodthrough the system. Arteries take bloodaway from the heart, and veins carryblood
back to the heart.
Fluid flow through a tube depends onthe pressure gradient.
Fluid flows only if there is a positive pressuregradient (D P).
Has to be a change of pressure throughout a pipe to cause a flow.
To ause flo, ould hae to e i here eause it’s the ed, ad left
ventricle begins in the ventricles.
The mean blood pressure of the systemic circulation rangesfrom a high of 93 mm Hg
(millimeters of mercury) in the aortato a low of a few mm Hg in the venae cavae.
Aorta closest to left ventricle.
Friction gradually decreases the pressure. Arterioles = modulate resistance.
Need valves to maintain flow in the same direction as well.
Blood pressure--generated y the left ventrile…
Large fluctuations in left ventricle - relaxation base and pressure
shooting up. Need to have the large drop to ensure adequate filling in
the heart.
Arrteries – measuring blood pressure, never see drop below diastolic
pressure (lowest within arteries).
Pulse pressure – difference b/w systolic and diastolic
Elastic Arteries :
Thick walls, smooth muscle, elastin
Arterioles:
Thinner walls, smooth muscle
Capillaries:
Exchange epithelium only
Veins/venules:
Thin walls, less smooth muscle
Arteries – bigger in diamater than others, but has smooth muscles, serve as pressure reservoir
(constrict and relax to modulate this – elastic property).
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Capillaries – only epithelium cells, very small diameter. Have to make sure we can exchange
adequately.
Veins – large movement, volue reseroir. If e didt’t hae soehere that lood a e
stored during rest, can be in venous circulation so during exercise can have venoconstriction
(greater amount of venous return to the heart, greater end diastolic volume so ejection from
your heart is greater as well).
Arteries – ventricles contract (systole) and put out large pressure, see
aorta and arteries expand and recoil.
Semilunar valve – as aorta and artery recoil, with the valve being closed
(only opens to the aorta), makes sure all blood is shuttled throughout
the cardiovascular system.
Blood Pressure:
• Systolic
• Diastolic
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Document Summary
The heart is a pump that circulates blood through the system. Arteries take blood away from the heart, and veins carry blood back to the heart. Fluid flow through a tube depends on the pressure gradient. Fluid flows only if there is a positive pressure gradient (d p). Has to be a change of pressure throughout a pipe to cause a flow. To (cid:272)ause flo(cid:449), (cid:449)ould ha(cid:448)e to (cid:271)e i(cid:374) here (cid:271)e(cid:272)ause it"s the e(cid:374)d, a(cid:374)d left ventricle begins in the ventricles. The mean blood pressure of the systemic circulation ranges from a high of 93 mm hg (millimeters of mercury) in the aorta to a low of a few mm hg in the venae cavae. Need valves to maintain flow in the same direction as well. Large fluctuations in left ventricle - relaxation base and pressure shooting up. Need to have the large drop to ensure adequate filling in the heart.