BIO 475 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Symbiodinium, Scleractinia, Dinoflagellate
● Massive Corals grow about 1 cm yr1
● Branching corals grow up to 30 cm yr1 (usually 10 cm yr1)
● Primary production just off shore .4-.8 g Cm-2d-1
● Reefs primary production is 10-20g C m-2d-1
○ Just corals is 20g
○ Corals and other stuff it will be around 10g
● How is this possible?
○ Because of photosynthetic dinoflagellate
○ 2 flagella
■ 1 wraps around
■ 1 sticks out bottom to help them move
■ ~15-20 microns across
■ They do the photosynthesis for coral
■ (zooxanthellae don't have flagella and live in coral tissue)
Coral + dinoflagellate
● Organisms molecular pathways prefer elements of certain atomic weights
● 2 main groups
○ Zooxanthellae field
■ Coral that have zooxanthellae
● Symbiosis changes the composition of the coral skeleton
● Between 0.0 and -2.0
■ Modern non-zooxanthellae
● Warm non-zooxanthellae line
● Cold non-zooxanthellae line
● Paleo-coral skeletons in context
○ Modern warm non-zooxanthellae line
○ Modern cold non-zooxanthellae line
○ All Jurassic corals fall in one area (had some zooxanthellae /more towards non-
line)
○ All Triassic corals fall in one area (had zooxanthellae)
■ Symbiosis developed very quickly during this period when scleractinian
coral appeared
■ Formed massive reefs quickly because of zooxanthellae
■ Symbiosis occurred during Triassic period (triassic before jurassic)
● What two lines of evidence suggest that
coral+zooxanthellae?(EXAM)
○ Chemistry
○ Massive reef building
● Extracted zooxanthellae from cnidarians and did molecular evolution analysis
○ Today we have these zooxanthellae clades (A-H)
○ Constructed a timeline
○ Traced modern diversity of zooxanthellae clades 60 million years
■ Scleractinian with symbiodinium today ( modern symbiodinium started
60million Years ago)
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Document Summary
Massive corals grow about 1 cm yr1. Branching corals grow up to 30 cm yr1 (usually 10 cm yr1) Primary production just off shore . 4-. 8 g cm-2d-1. Reefs primary production is 10-20g c m-2d-1. Corals and other stuff it will be around 10g. 1 sticks out bottom to help them move. They do the photosynthesis for coral (zooxanthellae don"t have flagella and live in coral tissue) Organisms molecular pathways prefer elements of certain atomic weights. Symbiosis changes the composition of the coral skeleton. All jurassic corals fall in one area (had some zooxanthellae /more towards non- line) All triassic corals fall in one area (had zooxanthellae) Symbiosis developed very quickly during this period when scleractinian coral appeared. Formed massive reefs quickly because of zooxanthellae. Symbiosis occurred during triassic period (triassic before jurassic) What two lines of evidence suggest that coral+zooxanthellae? (exam) Extracted zooxanthellae from cnidarians and did molecular evolution analysis. Today we have these zooxanthellae clades (a-h)
