BIO 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Cephalization, Symmetry In Biology, Ctenophora
8 Apr 2016
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All eukaryotes are protists except for fungi, animals, and land plants. Food chains-describe nutritional relationships among organisms, and thus how chemical energy flows within ecosystems. Heterotrophs-get food from other sources, cannot make it on own own. Monophyletic- all can be traced backed to a common ancestor. Ecm-extra cellular matrix-carbohydrate soup with fibers-includes proteins specialized for cell-cell adhesion and communication. Tight-hold cells so close together so nothing can go between/go through them,, very regulated, impermeable. Gap-small tunnels called connexons allow for small molecules and ions to go. Movement-at some point in an animal"s life, they are capable of moving (ex: either larva state or adult state) Nerve net (diffuse neurons) vs. central nervous system (clustered neurons) Neurons-nerve cells that transmit electrical signals to other cells. Muscle cells that can change the shape of he body by contracting. Phylum-chordata (animlas that posses notochord (a dorsal hollow nerve cord)) The origin and early evolution of animals was based on:
