BIO 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Monosaccharide, Pyruvic Acid, Dihydrogen Cation

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5 Apr 2016

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Convert 3 carbon pyruvate into 2 carbon acetyl coa and co2. Acetyl coa enters the krebs cycle, which occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria. 2 co2 produced (co2 is produced in linking step and krebs cycle) Nadh + e- drops off h+ and e- in the electron transport chain. Fadh2 also drops off h2+ and 2e- in electron transport chain but in different location. These molecules are oxidized because loosing their electrons. High energy levels to low energy levels, so energy is released. This energy is used for the phosphorylation of adp. Adding a phosphate group to adp to make atp-requires energy. Components of etc are embedded in inner membrane. H+ are pumped into the intermembrane space, pump against concentration gradient, going to where there is lower concentration. The electrons are passed to the first component of etc, then passed to the next and next, etc.

Related Questions

The reduced nucleotides NADH and FADH are converted to ATP via the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. The most widely accepted values among biochemists are shown.

Nucleotide Output	ATP Output
NADH	2.5
FADH₂	1.5

Each acetyl CoA entering the citric acid cycle produces two CO₂, three NADH, one FADH₂, and one GTP (converted directly to ATP in the cell). Taking into consideration the conversion of reduced nucleotides to ATP, what is the total number of ATP produced by one glucose (2 Acteyl CoA) going through the citric acid cycle?

Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose monomer and dimers. Glucose is converted to pyruvate and then to acetyl CoA. Acetyl CoA enters the citric acid cycle and is broken down to CO2 and in the process produces NADH & FADH2, which is utilized in the generation of ATP via the electron transport chain. Why does the cell go through this elaborate pathway to convert glucose to carbon dioxide and water and in the process generate ATP? Why not use a simpler and shorter mechanism to breakdown glucose?

___ 25- The Krebs cycle begins with the union of acetyl CoA with oxaloacetate forming citrate, allowing oxidative decarboxylation reactions to occur, and ends with the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate. Using this information and your knowledge of the Krebs cycle, how many net carbons does the citric acid cycle gain?
A) 0 carbons
B) 1 carbon
C) 2 carbons
D) 4 carbons
___ 26- Directly from the Krebs cycle we can obtain:
A) ATP
B) GTP and NADPH
C) ATP and NADPH
D) ATP, GTP, and NADPH
___ 27- Which of the following is not an intermediary of the Krebs cycle?
A) oxaloacetate
B) citrate
C) succinyl CoA
D) acetyl CoA
___ 28- How many di nucleotides are reduced by four turns of the Krebs cycle?
A) 1 FADH2 and 4 NADH
B) 2 FADH2 and 8 NADH
C) 4 FADH2 and 12 NADH
D) 1 FAD and 4 NAD +

BIO 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Monosaccharide, Pyruvic Acid, Dihydrogen Cation

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