BIO SCI 9A Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Lean Body Mass, Phosphocreatine, Performance-Enhancing Substance
8 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
Water losses occur through urine output, water vapor from the lungs, sweating, and feces. An output of 1450-2800 milliliters of water is usually represented by: kidneys 500-1400 ml, skin 450-900 ml, lungs 350 ml, gi tract 150ml. 1. 0-1. 5 ml/kcal expended for adults (approximately 2-3 liters for 2,000 kcal expenditure. Adequate intake for males is 3. 7 l/day. Adequate intake for females is 2. 7 l/day. 2 hours before: drink 1 cup 10-20 minutes before. During: drink about 1 cup every 15 minutes. After: drink 2-3 cups of fluid for every pound of weight lost, or drink until urine is pale yellow. Electrolytes lost during exercise: sodium, potassium, chloride. Conditions associated with electrolyte balance: hyponatremia, hypernatremia. Dehydration occurs when water output exceeds input due to an inadequate intake or excessive losses. Fluids are essential to the regulation of blood volume and blood pressure. Renin and sodium retention: kidneys release renin to reabsorb sodium, helps to restore blood pressure and blood volume.
