BIO SCI 98 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Cytochrome, Light-Dependent Reactions, Phosphoenolpyruvic Acid
1 May 2016
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Km amount of affinity of half of velocity. Same rate only if they"re saturated w/ substrates. One has a lower km = reaches of vmax at a lower concentration. 1 pass of pyruvate acetyl coa + ethanol + lactate. If fed: hexokinase will not be inhibited by excess glc-6-po4 and pk not phosphorylated. Atp needed to transport substrates & hydrolysis of atp can convert thermodynamically unfavorable reactions to favorable. Glucogenic: several amino acids, certain citric acid cycle intermediates, triaclglycerides. Can"t reverse pyruvate phosphoenolpyruvate because phosphoenolpyruvate has large negative free energy charge. Allosteric inhibitor of pyruvate kinase decrease glycolysis. Increase gluconeogenesis by: phosphorylating & inactivating pyruvate kinase; inhibit pfk2 and activate fbpase2; activating fructose-1,6-biphosphatase. Coenzymes/cofactors for pdh complex activity lipoate, fad, tpp (thiamine pyrophosphate) Isocitrate + nad+ + isocitrate dehydrogenase alpha-ketogluterate. Produce high energy electrons in form of nadh and fadh2. Anaplerotic reaction = remove (regenerates) intermediates to serve as biosynthetic precursors. Pyruvate malate + acetyl-coa + oxaloacetate.
