BIO 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Aminoacyl Trna Synthetase, Transfer Rna, Intron

• School: University of Rochester
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIO 112
• Professor: Ingrid L.Stefanovic

Document Summary

Activation of amino acids which means attaching the amino acid to trna. Happens in the cytoplasm by aminoacyl trna synthetase. Investing energy to use in forming peptide bond. Initiation: assembling ribosome, mrna, trna, embed first amino acid fmet. Posttranscriptional processing: splicing out introns, add the 5" cap and the poly a tail. Poly a tail is put on by the rna polymerase. Level best for regulation: depends on their function; can be regulated as proteins that are inactive (such as blood clotting proteins, insulin) think about how quickly we need the protein. Basics of gene regulation at the level of transcription: A promotor sequence will cause binding of sigma et al. and rna polymerase, resulting in transcription. Anything that interferes with beginning transcription will down-regulate a gene (negative regulation) Anything that makes transcription more likely (helps recruit rna polymerase) will up regulate a transcription (positive regulation).