APY 345 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Medial Condyle Of Tibia, Articularis Genus Muscle, Femur Neck
9 May 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Lecture 7: habitual bipedalism: act of being habitually bipedal; morphological characteristics. Foramen magnum: forward shift of foramen magnum (quadrupeds, more stacked, don"t have to think about picking up head, balance (bipedal) Spinal column: s-shaped spine, lumbar curvature helps hold body weight; big changes in ox coccyx pelvis (bp, c-shaped spine (quad) Knees: differences in function & positions, not how they look: knees shift in; weight shifted on lateral condyle of femur (bp, more tree trunk-like; even distribution along condyles in femur (quad) Feet: no longer have opposable toe for balance (bp, opposable toe for grasping (quad) Stride of walking: 2-phase stride; involuntary stance phase & swing phase; have to put whole body weight on 1 foot, shift weight subconsciously (bp, front and hind limbs on the ground, balancing is different (quad) Advantages to bipedalism: field of vision, access to deeper water, reach higher food, use of upper limb carrying. : many explanations/theories for evolution of bipedalism: historical explanations: (landon 121-126)
