BIO 121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Konstantin Mereschkowski, Lynn Margulis, Intermediate Filament
10 Dec 2020
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Diverse: many unicelled; great reproduction many parasites; important diseases. Protists: eukaryotes that are neither land plants, animals, nor fungi. Protozoans: microbial eukaryotes classified as single celled animals (no longer used) These are non-monophyletic groups; meaning not a single ancestor for descendants. Eukaryotes loss of cell wall: infold of plasma membrane to increase sa without increasing volume= evolution of internal membrane. Most of mitochondria: a few lost it: atp production; maternal inheritance; single origin from proteobacteria at that base of eukaryotic clade. Chloroplasts evolved multiple times: key is number of membranes surrounding chloroplast: tell how many origins. Some lineages have undergone two different events, have two different chloroplasts in a primary; only glaucophytes is retained in peptidoglycans. Between eukarya, archare and bacteria: it"s a >1billion innovation change. Chloroplasts evolved from ancient photosynthetic bacteria or photosynthetic eukaryotes. Dna evidence sealed the deal revived by lynn margulis (60"s-70"s) Aid in food production, water treatment; genetic engineering and antibiotics.
