BIO 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Valine, Threonine, Phenylalanine
Document Summary
Proteins are made up of c, h, o and n. A. a backbone= single carbon, amine group and acid group. Side chain give an a. a. its identity. 8 essential a. a= tv till pm (trypt, valine, threonine, isoleu, leu, lys, phenylalanine, methionine) A. a"s are joined by peptide bonds to form proteins. Proteins coil due to electrical charges on a. a side chain to form a fibrous or globular shape. A. a with charged side chains attract water and neutral side chain repel water (inner part of protein) A single cell can contain 10 000 dif proteins. Genes determine a. a sequence in finished protein. Sickle cell disease is where hemoglobin is abnormally shaped and loses its function to carry and release oxygen. This is because in one protein strand it contain valine as its 6th a. a instead of. Starts in the stomach where gastric acid denatures the protein allowing it to open up for other enzymes to cleave peptide bonds.
