BIO 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Ground Substance, Hyaline Cartilage, Troponin
21 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Functions of skeletal system: support, shape, protect, framework for muscles and enable movement: types of skeletal systems: hydrostatic, exoskeleton and endoskeleton. Consists of fluid-filled cavity, the coelom (main body cavity), Hydrostatic: structure found in soft-bodied animals surrounded by muscles. Internal pressure generated by muscle contraction cause movement, helping to maintain shape: exoskeleton: rigid, external covering of body in some invertebrate animals. Have a role in defense, and provide attachments for muscular framework: limits of hydro and exo- skeletons: limits size, growth, support, and complexity, endoskeleton: internal support structure. Often serves as attachment site for muscles and enables movement. A true endoskeleton provides greater support, helps the organism grow more easily, provides more soft tissue and muscular attachment. Found in chordates and echinoderms: vertebrate skeleton: internal mineralized endoskeleton. Composed of bone or cartilage (sharks and rays have just cartilage) others have embryonic cartilage, which is progressively replaced by bone.
