BIO 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Thylakoid, Photosystem Ii, Accessory Pigment
25 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
For most organisms, energy is derived from sunlight, either directly or indirectly. Organisms that can directly trap sunlight do so by photosynthesis. Which is the process of trapping and storing solar energy as chemical energy in bonds of organic molecules. Leaves (large surface area and thin) and chloroplasts are adaptations for photosynthesis. Both upper and lower leaf surfaces consist of epidermis. Protective layer of transparent cells that allow sunlight in. Photosynthesis in plants takes place in chlorophyll-containing organelles called chloroplasts. Outer surface of both epidermal layers is covered by cuticle. Transparent, waxy, waterproof covering that reduces evaporation of water. Leaves obtain co2 for photosynthesis from air through openings in the epidermis called stomata (singular, stoma) Loosely packed layers of internal leaf cells where chloroplasts are located: 40-50 chloroplasts per mesophyll cell. Veins in the leaf, transporting water, minerals, and sugars throughout the plant. Chloroplasts are organelles with a double membrane enclosing a semifluid substance called stroma.
