BIOS10115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Gram Staining, Lipid Bilayer, Belaying
3 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Cell structure and function of prokaryotes and eukaryotes microscopy. Lipid belayer with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. Function: to control the movement of substances into and out of the cell. Bacteria cell walls: semi rigid, static. Maintains shape and fluid balance: can be used to distinguish classes of bacteria, can be used as a target for antibacterial agents (antibiotics, only very few bacteria lack cell walls. The gram stain distinguishes classes of bacteria based on their cell wall: gram positive purple very thick layer of peptiglogycan, gram negative pink thin layer of peptiglogycan. Internal structure of bacteria: prokaryotes are like water balloons full of: 80% water plus dissolved (soluble) proteins, lipids, carbs, etc. Different from a nucleus because it is not enclosed. Has circular dna rather than linear dna. Rna/protein complex that is the site of protein synthesis. Protection: not all bacteria have external structures. Some eukarytoic cells have cell walls (plants/fungi) Animal cells do not have cell walls.
