BIO 126 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Monocyte, Thymus, Apoptosis
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19 Sep 2016
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Multiple molecules are involved in the activation and action of cytotoxic t cells. A cytotoxic t cell is activated through interaction with antigen-presenting cells and signals from helper t cells. Once a cytotoxic t cell has been activated, it can recognize an infected cell presenting a specific antigen fragment on its surface. The t cell receptor (tcr) recognizes the class i mhc-antigen fragment complex, and the cd8 protein on the cytotoxic t cell binds to the mhc molecule. To kill the infected cell, the cytotoxic t cell secretes perforin and granzymes. Perforin perforates the cell by forming pores, allowing granzymes to enter the cell and break down proteins. This leads to apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Once a cytotoxic t cell has induced apoptosis in a cell, it moves on to attack other infected cells or cancer cells. Protects against pathogens (living foreign invader that can make you sick)
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