BIO 122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Phosphodiester Bond, Covalent Bond, Atp Hydrolysis
30 May 2018
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Prior to Week 3 Class 1 – Chapter 4, sections 4.1 and Chapter 5 Macromolecules of the cell
Know
• that a nucleic acid is a polymer of nucleotides and what a nucleotide is made of
o phosphate group
o organic base
o sugar
• the difference between RNA and DNA
o deoxyribose vs ribose
o thymine vs uracil
o double vs single stranded
• monosaccharides are polymerized to form disaccharides and/or polysaccharides
o storage
▪ animal
• glycogen
▪ plant
• starch
o structure
▪ plants
• cellulose
▪ animals, fungi, algae
• chitin
▪ bacteria
• peptidoglycan
• The number of carbons within a monosaccharide dictates a large part of its identity and
function
• all simple sugars are a multiple of CH2O
• what a proteoglycan is and what a glycoprotein is
o proteoglycan
▪ gel-like squishiness
o glycoprotein
▪ cell identity
• what a glycosidic linkage is
o bond between 2 sugars
Understand
• that the structure of deoxyribonucleotides and ribonucleotides allows for directionality of
the nucleic acid polymer
• that C-C and C-H bonds have a lot of potential energy
• the difference between storage and structural polysaccharides
o storage
▪ glycogen has branching to allow for easy release in animals
▪ starch has less because it is not as necessary for quick release in plants
o structure
▪ cellulose
• long and linear for stregth
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