BIO 122 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Lysosome, Plasmid, Mitochondrion
30 May 2018
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Objectives Week 1
o All organisms are made of cells
o Where cells come from
• Preexisting cells
o What a hypothesis is
• Testable statement
o What a null hypothesis means
• What u are trying to prove wrong
o What phylogeny means and the tree of life
• Genealogical relationships between species with common ancestor
o emergent properties
• a property which a collection or complex system has, but which the
individual members do not have
o what prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are
• pro - no nucleus
• eu - membrane bound nucleus
o the components of a prokaryotic cell
o what an organelle refers to and what a cellular structure refers to
• organelle – membrane bound compartment with unique structure and fn
o the components of a eukaryotic cell (animal and plant)
o Cell theory
• Pattern – all organisms composed of cells
• Process – all cells come from cells
o That life evolved over time
• Through natural selection
o How the concept of emergent properties applies to life at different levels
o How an experiment will test a predicted outcome
• Control and experimental groups
o That hypotheses must be testable to be true hypotheses
o The importance of controls; the difference between negative and positive controls
• Give you something to compare results to
• Negative – when nothing should happen
• Positive – when something should happen
o Understand why repetition is important
• Prove it will always happen
o Science is cyclical… the best questions will lead to answers that lead to more
questions
o how cellular component structure goes with function
• organelles give more efficiency in larger cells and organisms
o Design an experiment to test a given hypothesis
o Generate a hypothesis based on observations and predicted outcomes
o Identify controls within an experiment
o Name the components of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and explain their
function
• Eukaryotic
• Nucleus – stores dna
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