GEN-3000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Telophase, Eukaryote, Synapsis
26 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Archaea ( shares some traits with eukaryotes) Genome usually one circular dna molecule. Dna not complexed with histones in eubacteria. Can only reproduce inside of a host cell. Eukaryotes typically have 2 sets of chromosomes/cell - as a result of sexual. One set from mother, one from father (called homologous pairs) reproduction. 2 sets of genetic information = diploid. 1 set of genetic information = haploid. Beyond this point cells are committed to divide. Mitotic spindle forms from centrosomes (animals only) Chromosomes are arranged in a single plane called metaphase plate. Now they are called chromosomes not chromatids. Spindle fibers/microtubules change length by addition or removal of tubulin. Some drugs specifically target fibers - to stop cells from unnecessarily diving subunits by molecular motors. Newly formed cell has the number of starting chromosomes. Synapsis (very close association) lining up. Bivalent / tetrad - 2 different homologous chromosomes together. Homologous pairs of chromosomes align along metaphase plate.
