BIO 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Mendelian Inheritance, Meiosis, Allele
Document Summary
Found in segments of dna in the chromosomes. Mutation introduces new version of genes; changes in dna source of all new versions of a gene (allele) 8 million x 8 million gametes 64 trillion. Meiosis helps explain the principle of segregation. The science of genetics is based on the work of gregor mendel. His work is so great because nothing was known about chromosomes, genes or. He crossed pea plants that differed in certain characteristics. Followed plants over several generations over several years. Used statistics and principles of probability to analyze data. Studied 7 different traits (one at a time) Every organism has 2 genes for each trait. Allele different versions of the gene (brown hair vs. blonde hair) Genotype the actual genes (2 genes for every trait) Homozygous 2 of the same alleles for the particular gene. Heterozygous 2 different alleles of the same gene. Dominant trait shows if there is less than, or equal to 1 allele.
