BIOL 1260 Lecture 13: Volume Regulation
2 Dec 2016
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Blood pressure: normal: <120 or <80, severe: >160/90 or >100 in most cases, no cause can be found for primary/essential hypertension (lifestyle, smoking, salt, obesity, diabetes) Hypertension as silent killer catecholamines constrict blood vessels: dbp of >99 vs. 84: increases risk of stroke x4 and mi x2, stroke-proportional systolic bp as well controlling blood pressure. Primary contributors to bp: cardiac output (pump-based) Short term control = sympathetic ns: activation produces vasoconstriction, reflex tachycardia, increased co, actions are rapid and account for second to second bp control long term control = renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Raas responsible for: maintenance of sodium balance, control of bv and bp. Increase bv increase bp: stimulated by fall in bp, fall in circulating volume, sodium depletion. Decreased bp of afferent arterioles in nephron. Diuretic drugs block absorption of na+ in different places in kidney drugs used to treat hypertension. Diuretics: drugs that increase urine flow ion transport inhibitors in kidney: thiazide diuretics.
