CAS BI 216 Lecture 1: Genetics - Lecture 1 - Chapter 1 - (1/19/17)
17 May 2017
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Document Summary
Genetics - a series of principles that allow you to study biological information. Made of deoxyribose sugar + phosphate + one of 4 nitrogenous bases. Information is 1-dimensional - can be stored in a computer: dna regions stored as genes -> assembled into chromosomes can interpret, store, replicate, transmit genetic information. Humans have 24 types of chromosomes - 3 x 10^9 base pairs; 25k genes. 6 million pages of text; 250 words a page. Proteins - allow animals to reproduce, adapt to the environment, move. 1. 2 proteins: use sources of energy and grow, 20 different types, polymers of amino acids - from polypeptide chains into 3d structures determined by aa sequences. Aa - have basic amino group (-nh) and acidic carboxyl group (cooh) on each end; side chain determines aa chemical properties: chymotrypsin/elastase = enzymes that help break down other proteins. Rna may have been first information-processing molecule to appear.
