BIOL 118 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Glycosidic Bond, Chitin, Polysaccharide
28 Jan 2017
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Document Summary
Glucose + galactose = lactose (milk sugar) **amino acids polymerize to proteins by peptide bonds. Nucleotides polymerize to nucleic acids by phosphodiester linkage. Monosaccharides polymerize to polysaccharides by glycosidic linkage (be able to recognize amino acids, nucleotides, and monosaccharides) The monomers in polysaccharides can be identical or different. Glycosidic linkages can form between any two hydroxyl groups. So the location and geometry of these bonds vary widely. Made of many alpha-glucose monomers joined by glycosidic linkages. The glycosidic linkages cause the chain to form a helix. Starch branches when a glycosidic linkage forms between monomers on two strands. Made of may alpha-glucose monomers joined by glycosidic linkages. The primary component of the plant cell wall. A polymer of beta-glucose linked by glycosidic linkages. ** humans cannot break down cellulose because our enzymes cannot break down beta-glucose, only alpha-glucose. Allows extensive hydrogen bonding between adjacent parallel strands. Found in the cell walls of fungi and algae.
