BIOL2000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Ploidy, Sister Chromatids, Chromosome Segregation
16 Jan 2017
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Aseuxal leads to 100% progeny who can produce. Purifying selection: sexually derived progeny are less likely to have deleterious alleles. Can get rid of mutation through sexual. Changing environment hypotheses: sexual progeny have more diversity and are more likely to survive environemental challenges. Karyotype: complete set of chromosomes in a cell. Diploid: 2 non identical copies of each: homologous chromosomes. Autosomes: 1-22, sex: x y and y and y: 23. Chromosome paint: id by sequence, flourescent labeles probes that cause each chromosome to be a different color. Nucleic acids: detected by hybridization to labeled nucleic acid: sequence dependent recognition. Alleles: different sequence variations of the same gene. Homologous: same gene but different sets of alleles. If theres a pair they are replicated. Ploidy: number of each chromosome that an organism carries. Genes in same order along chromosome: syntenic: 2 different chromosomes that are related with genes in same order. Meisosi: amount of hereditary material is half.
