CSD-2464 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Central Nervous System, Peripheral Nervous System, Medulla Oblongata

• School: App State
• Department: Communication Sciences and Disorders
• Course: CSD-2464
• Professor: Jennifer Dalton

Document Summary

Basic divisions of the nervous system: central nervous system (cns): brain and spinal cord, peripheral nervous system (pns): all other components including. Spinal nerves (exit cns from spinal cord: efferent neurons: nerve impulses from cns to peripheral parts of the body (motor functions, afferent neurons: nerve impulses from peripheral parts of the body to cns (sensory functions) Basic divisions of the brain: brainstem: atop spinal cord. Lower brainstem includes pons medulla oblongata: cerebellum: posterior to brainstem, cerebral hemispheres: wrap around the brainstem; include areas for higher cognitive function and language. Neuronal firing: the action potential: neuron at rest. Has negative internal charge: neuron during firing. Cell interior briefly gains positive charge: resting negative potential (charge) restored soon after firing. Speech and the cns: cortical damage may yield speech or language problems. Apraxia of speech: deficits in speech motor programming. Dysarthria: difficulty with speech movements: language and speech mainly controlled by left cerebral hemisphere.