Pathology 3240A Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Mobile Genetic Elements, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Gram Staining
28 Sep 2017
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Identify/isolate organism identify host response to organism: some organisms can be directly observed, ex. inclusion bodies formed by cmv (cytomegalovirus), herpes virus, bacteria, many require special stains to be visualized, ex. Gram + or -, acid-fast or silver stains, specific ab-labelled imunohistochemical stains: dna and pcr-based methods can be used to identify pathogens, to determine drug sensitivity of the pathogen, use, laboratory studies. Isolate organism from sputum (mucus from respiratory tract), blood, stool, urine: radiographic examination, ex. Infectious proteins that lack dna and rna: abnormal conformation of a normal host prion protein (prp, new form is resistant to degradation, ex. Creutzfeld-jakob disease (cjd)/spongiform encephalitis, mad cow disease (new variant cjd), bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) Viruses: obligate intracellular organisms need host machinery to replicate, dna or rna genome surrounded by protein coat (capsid, some viruses can transform host cells to neoplastic (tumour) cells (hpv) Illnesses may be acute (colds, influenza), chronic (hep b or c), or latent (herpes)
