Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Nicotinamide, Light-Independent Reactions, Photosystem

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12 Jan 2016

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Light reactions = capture of light energy, synthesis of atp and nadph thylakoid membrane production of carbohydrates stroma. Nadph able to reduce other molecules . P680 in photosystem ii has an absorption peak at 680nm. Once excited reaction center chlorophyll donates electron to primary acceptor. Excited p680* oxidized to p680+ by primary acceptor. Oxygen evolving complex pulls electrons from water and gives to p680+ Electron transport is a series of redox reactions (2) Electron from pii primary acceptor passed to pq to cyto complex to plastocyanin. Light raises p700 to excited state and like p680 is oxidized by primary acceptor. Electron transfer through ferredoxin to nadp+ reductase. Reduces nadp+ to nadph second travels chain. Nadph available for calvin cycle in stroma. Proton gradient established by pq moving across membrane and splitting of h2o. Used to synthesize atp from adp to pi. Oxidation of h2o is the source of electrons for electron transport chain. H2o 2h+ + o2 + 2e-

Related Questions

13.

Carbon fixation in plants refers to _____.

the reaction between any two carbon containing molecules.

the breakdown of glucose.

the synthesis of carbon dioxide.

the reaction between carbon dioxide and RuBP.

14.

The electrons that are excited by light energy in photosystems II and I are eventually used to_____.

breakdown RuBP

convert glucose to carbon dioxide

breakdown starch into glucose

reduce NADP+ to NADPH

15.

The light reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the ______.

thylakoid membranes

stroma

cytoplasm

matrix

16.

The final product of the Calvin cycle is ______.

		citrate
		G3P (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate)
		lactate
		pyruvate

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

The complete set of reactions carried out by an organism is called:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 2

The breakdown of starch is broken down to glucose is an example of:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 3

For the following statement, determine which description best describes the process: DNA is synthesized from free nucleotides.

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 4

Fill in the blank: Catabolic reactions result in the synthesis of molecules of .............via cellular respiration. This is then used to power anabolic reactions.

Value: 5

The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:

a. it is not possible to release it in a single step.

b. more total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step

c. less total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step.

d. more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step.

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photosynthesis

1-The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include

a. chemiosmosis

b. oxygen liberation

c. glucose synthesis

d. electron transport

Value: 2

Photosynthesis takes place in the membranes of small sacs called

a. thylakoids

b. photosystems

c. stroma

d. photons

Value: 3

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

a. the light-dependent reactions involving photosystems I and II

b. carbon fixation

c. the Krebs cycle

d. O2 is not produced during photosynthesis

Value: 4

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the

a. mitochondria

b. cytoplasm of the cell

c. stroma of the chloroplast

d. thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Value: 5

During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP + Pi and NADP+?

a. the light-dependent reactions

b. the light-independent reactions

c. both of the above

d. none of the above

Value: 6

What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?

a. ATP

b. NADPH

c. glucose

d. H2O

Value: 7

During photosynthesis, photons raise electrons to higher energy levels. These excited electrons belong to what compound?

a. water

b. ATP

c. chlorophyll

d. electron transport chain

Value: 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. photosynthesis occurs only in autotrophs; cellular respiration occurs only in heterotrophs

b. photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP

c. photosynthesis involves the oxidation of glucose; respiration involves the reduction of CO2

d. the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release energy

Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Nicotinamide, Light-Independent Reactions, Photosystem

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